NBEO Microbiology Practice Test

These questions are part of the practice quiz. Start practicing

• Which antibiotic is commonly used topically to cover Pseudomonas in ocular infections?
• Which parasite is known to infest hair follicles and meibomian glands?
• Mucormycosis is caused by a yeast or mold infection in immunocompromised/diabetic patients?
• Which organism is classically linked to keratitis after warm-climate vegetative trauma?
• Ganciclovir ophthalmic gel is commonly used to treat which ocular infection?
• What clinical feature most strongly suggests Acanthamoeba keratitis over bacterial keratitis?
• Which finding is commonly associated with bacterial conjunctivitis?
• Which statement is true regarding the culture of Acanthamoeba?
• What is the most common cause of fungal corneal ulcers?
• What corneal finding is characteristic of herpes simplex keratitis?
• Which resistance mechanism is common among Gram-negative ocular pathogens toward beta-lactams?
• Which organism is a common cause of conjunctivitis in children?
• Which statement about HSV keratitis treatment is true?
• Which antibiotic class inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis and is commonly used for ocular Gram-positive pathogens?
• Which organism is associated with toxic shock syndrome and is coagulase positive?
• Which organism is classically associated with keratitis following agricultural or vegetative trauma in warm climates?
• CMV retinitis is most commonly seen in AIDS patients when CD4 counts fall below 50 cells/µL; which lesion is most characteristic?
• Which type of bacterium does NOT have a cell wall?
• Which gram-negative bacterium is commonly associated with otitis media and conjunctivitis in young children?
• What is a key infection-control practice to prevent spread of conjunctivitis in a clinic?
• Which organism is a common cause of conjunctivitis in newborns and can cause pneumonia if transmitted perinatally?
• Which organism causes Toxoplasmosis?
• Candida albicans is considered a yeast.
• Dimorphic fungi are capable of shifting from a mold to a yeast.
• Which of the following is also known as a roundworm?
• Which form of fungus is unicellular?
• Toxic shock syndrome is primarily associated with which bacteria?
• Which virus is not a DNA enveloped virus?
• Staphylococcus aureus coagulase status?
• Which organism is correctly matched with its classification as a yeast-like fungus?
• Staphylococcus epidermidis catalase status?
• Which of the following is an acid fast bacteria that is associated with night sweats, fever, and weight loss?
• Which organism is commonly associated with post-surgical endophthalmitis?
• Which virus is most commonly linked to cervical cancer?
• Streptococcus pyogenes Group ____ strep?
• Which organism is classically associated with retinitis in AIDS patients?
• Which bacteria is known to produce oral facial abscesses with sulfur granules and is associated with canaliculitis?
• Which organism is a classic cause of neonatal conjunctivitis and may cause pneumonia if transmitted perinatally?
• What is the mechanism of action of vancomycin?
• Which of the following is true about bacterial conjunctivitis?
• Which tear film component is important for antimicrobial defense on the ocular surface?
• Which of the following DNA viruses with a viral envelope is known for latency in neurons?
• Which organism is linked to rinsing contact lenses with tap water and can cause severe keratitis?
• Which of the following is an example of a Gram-negative bacillus mentioned as a cause of post-surgical endophthalmitis?
• Which of the following is a spore-forming bacterium?
• Which of the following is NOT considered a gram negative bacteria?
• Which feature helps differentiate bacterial conjunctivitis from viral conjunctivitis?
• Which component is characteristic of Gram-negative bacteria?
• Most common cause of acute postoperative endophthalmitis?
• What are the components of the classic triad seen with Rickettsial infections?
• In the context of opportunistic infections in HIV, which organism is most typically implicated?
• Which laboratory findings are characteristic of Staphylococcus aureus?
• Which virus is the most common viral STD in the US?
• Which of the following groups is the correct classification for flukes?
• Which cell wall component is more abundant in Gram-positive bacteria?
• Which virus is most associated with cervical cancer?
• Which antiseptic is commonly recommended for cleaning ophthalmic instruments and surfaces?
• Which disease is caused by a DNA poxvirus?
• Which two Gram-positive pathogens are commonly implicated in acute bacterial conjunctivitis in adults?
• Is Staphylococcus aureus catalase positive or negative?
• Which topical antiviral agent for ocular herpes is a common alternative to trifluridine?
• What is the discharge type most characteristic of bacterial conjunctivitis?
• Which topical antiviral is commonly used for HSV keratitis in addition to or instead of trifluridine?
• Which fungal species is a frequent cause of fungal keratitis after ocular trauma in warm climates?
• Which parasite is a common cause of retinochoroiditis in immunocompetent individuals?
• Which antiviral agent is commonly used for CMV retinitis?
• Which gram-negative bacterium is most commonly associated with corneal ulcers in contact lens wearers?
• Which organism is most likely identified by Gram-negative diplococci in ocular specimens causing conjunctivitis?
• What type of genome does Herpes Simplex Virus have?
• Which fungal species is a common cause of fungal endophthalmitis after surgery or trauma?
• Which Gram-negative rod is most associated with contact lens–related keratitis?
• Which of the following is the primary hallmark distinguishing prokaryotes from eukaryotes?
• Which of the following is a gram-negative bacterium?
• Which antibiotic is commonly used systemically for ocular MRSA coverage when needed?
• Which Gram-negative diplobacillus is a known cause of angular conjunctivitis?
• Which statement correctly describes yeast?
• Which fluoroquinolone is most commonly used for Pseudomonas coverage in ocular infections?
• Which spirochete is primarily associated with syphilis?
• Staphylococcus epidermidis coagulase status?
• In suspected keratitis, which diagnostic procedure is most appropriate to identify the causative organism and guide therapy choices?
• For ocular Chlamydia trachomatis infections, NAAT is preferred because it provides what advantage?
• Hepatitis D infection is only carried with Hepatitis B as a superinfection.
• Which gram negative bacteria is known to cause a hyperacute conjunctivitis with preauricular lymphadenopathy?
• Which organism is a common cause of post-surgical endophthalmitis?
• Which of the following is also known as a tapeworm?
• Which discharge type is most characteristic of bacterial conjunctivitis?
• Which fungal species is commonly implicated in fungal endophthalmitis after intraocular surgery or trauma?
• Which fungus is a classic example of a dimorphic pathogen that shifts between mold and yeast forms?
• Hepatitis A virus has which type of genome?
• Name another fourth-generation fluoroquinolone commonly used in ophthalmology.
• Which organism would be least susceptible to penicillin due to the absence of a cell wall?
• Which statement about prokaryotes is true?
• Pneumocystis jiroveci is best described as which type of organism?
• Which organism is commonly the etiologic agent of toxoplasmosis?
• Which color do Gram-negative bacteria stain after Gram staining?
• Which coagulase-positive Staphylococcus is a frequent cause of keratitis in contact lens wearers?
• Which organism is commonly associated with blepharitis?
• Is Adenovirus a DNA or RNA virus?
• Which corneal lesion is pathognomonic for herpes simplex keratitis?
• Which of the following groups is the correct classification for tapeworms?
• Which organism causes hyperacute conjunctivitis with copious purulent discharge requiring urgent systemic antibiotics?
• Which two organisms are common causes of conjunctivitis in children?
• Which stain is used to identify acid-fast organisms in ocular specimens?
• Which genus is associated with angular blepharoconjunctivitis?
• Which organism is detected as Gram-negative intracellular diplococci in conjunctival smears?
• Leading cause of bacterial pneumonia, meningitis, and otitis media in children?
• Endospores are primarily formed by which group?
• Which coagulase-negative Staphylococcus can cause keratitis in contact lens wearers?
• Which fungus is endemic to the Mississippi and Ohio River valleys and is caused by the inhalation of bird and bat droppings?
• Acanthamoeba keratitis is strongly associated with which practice?
• Which gene mediates methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus?
• Which statement about Pneumocystis jiroveci is correct?
• If multiple molluscum contagiosum nodules are present, which infection should be suspected?
• Gram-positive bacteria primarily associated with Erysipelas?
• Which hepatitis virus is transmitted via the fecal-oral route and has a vaccine available?
• Which topical antiviral is commonly used for HSV keratitis in addition to or instead of trifluridine?
• Which virus is the leading cause of blindness in AIDS patients?
• What is the leading cause of blindness in a patient with AIDS?
• What Gram stain result characterizes Staphylococcus aureus?
• What is a common preventive measure at birth to protect newborns from gonococcal ophthalmia neonatorum?
• Which virus family is enveloped, double-stranded DNA and known for latency?
• Which of the following organisms is a gram-negative diplococcus classically causing hyperacute conjunctivitis with severe purulent discharge?
• Streptococcus pneumoniae catalase status?
• Which organism causes inclusion conjunctivitis and can be transmitted to newborns during delivery?
• What is the culture medium of choice for the growth of fungi?
• Which organism is the etiologic agent of Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever?
• Which antibiotic does NOT target cell wall synthesis?
• Which organism is primarily associated with syphilis?
• Which organism is commonly linked to erysipelas?
• Which of the following is a eukaryotic microorganism?
• For Acanthamoeba culture, which medium is considered the standard?
• Hepatitis B virus has which type of genome?
• Which culture method is used to grow Acanthamoeba in the laboratory?
• Which antibiotic used for Gram-positive ocular infections inhibits cell wall synthesis by binding D-Ala-D-Ala termini?
• Which statement about Gram staining in ocular microbiology is true?
• In postoperative ocular infections, which organism is most commonly isolated?
• Which statement best describes the role of PCR testing in ocular infections?
• Which of the following is a nonenveloped DNA virus?
• Pediculosis capitis refers to infestation with which parasite?
• The etiologic agent of toxoplasmosis is which organism?
• Which of the following is NOT a main serotype associated with EKC?
• Is Aspergillus a yeast or a mold?
• Most common cause of bacterial pneumonia, meningitis, and otitis media?
• Which organism is known to cause thrush and vaginitis in an immunocompromised patient?
• Which Gram designation is associated with a thicker peptidoglycan layer?
• Which staining methods are commonly used to visualize fungi in corneal scrapings?
• What is the role of corneal scrape culture in suspected keratitis?
• Which color do Gram-positive bacteria stain after Gram staining?
• Which of the following is NOT considered a eukaryote?
• Which organism is not a DNA virus?
• Which organism listed is associated with acne and can be involved in ocular infections?
• The leading cause of ophthalmia neonatorum in the United States is which organism?
• Besides Pseudomonas, which organism is a common cause of keratitis in contact lens wearers?
• Which parasite (mite) infection is known to target hair follicles and sebaceous glands including the meibomian glands?
• Which organism is associated with interstitial keratitis as an ocular manifestation?
• What is the primary route of transmission for gonococcal conjunctivitis in adults?
• Which organism is not listed among the common causes of post-surgical endophthalmitis?
• Why do Gram-positive bacteria stain purple in Gram staining?
• Pneumocystis jiroveci, commonly seen in AIDS patients, is best described as which type of organism?
• Which genus is a Gram-negative bacillus commonly cited as a cause of postoperative endophthalmitis?
• Which organism is coagulase negative and catalase positive?
• Which feature helps differentiate bacterial conjunctivitis from viral conjunctivitis?
• Which medium would you use to culture Acanthamoeba from a suspected infection?
• Which of the following groups is the correct classification for roundworms?
• Which hepatitis virus is transmitted via the fecal-oral route and does not have a widely available vaccine according to the source?
• Which virus has a nonenveloped RNA genome?
• Which virus is the most common viral STD in the United States?
• Which genera are most commonly implicated in fungal keratitis?
• What is the role of Gram staining in ocular microbiology?
• How is Chlamydia trachomatis ocular infection typically diagnosed?
• How can viral conjunctivitis be distinguished clinically from bacterial conjunctivitis?
• Which two fungi are most commonly implicated in fungal keratitis?
• Which parasite is associated with Lice?
• Which fungus is known to cause systemic mycoses and is specifically found in the southwestern region of the US?
• Which mechanism is most characteristic of beta-lactam resistance in Gram-negative ocular pathogens?
• Which Gram stain finding is characteristic of Neisseria gonorrhoeae?
• What is the first-line topical antiviral agent for HSV keratitis?
• Which statement accurately describes topical antiviral therapy for HSV keratitis?
• Which topical antiviral can be used for HSV keratitis in addition to or instead of trifluridine?
• Which statement best describes the discharge in bacterial conjunctivitis compared with viral conjunctivitis?
• Which parasite is mainly associated with malaria?
• Which statement correctly describes topical therapy for HSV keratitis?
• Which statement about mold is NOT true?
• What is the preferred specimen for suspected bacterial keratitis?
• Bacterial conjunctivitis more commonly seen in which age group?
• Which organism is commonly linked to canaliculitis with sulfur granules?
• Which organism is associated with a ring infiltrate in keratitis?
• Is Cytomegalovirus a DNA or RNA virus?
• Which of the following is also known as a fluke?
• Keratoconjunctivitis is more commonly caused by which herpes simplex virus type?
• How can Neisseria gonorrhoeae be detected in ocular specimens?
• Molluscum contagiosum is caused by which type of virus?
• Which statement about Hepatitis B is true?
• Which virus is the most common cause of viral conjunctivitis?
• How does PCR testing influence management of ocular infections?
• Which fungal form contains hyphae?
• Which protozoan organism is linked to painful keratitis in contact lens wearers?
• Which contact lens disinfection method is effective against Acanthamoeba?
• Which fluoroquinolone is commonly used as an ophthalmic drop with good anti-Pseudomonal activity?
• Which virus is classically associated with retinitis in AIDS patients?
• Which diagnostic test can rapidly detect adenovirus in conjunctival secretions?
• Which ocular finding is NOT associated with syphilis?
• Which of the following is a DNA virus with an envelope?
• CMV retinitis risk in AIDS patients falls below which threshold CD4 count?
• Which infection is most commonly associated with HIV as an opportunistic infection?
• Bacterial conjunctivitis is typically associated with which type of discharge?
• Which pairing is correct?